Swimming Pool Chemicals
Proper water balance is the single most important factor to maximizing the life and appearance of any swimming pool. The following table shows ranges for basic water chemistry.
| Factor | Range | Test Frequency |
| pH | 7.2-7.6 | Daily |
| Free Chlorine | 1.0-2.0 | Daily |
| Total Alkalinity | 80-120 ppm | Weekly |
| Calcium Hardness | 200-300 ppm | Monthly |
| Stabilizer | 35-60 ppm | Monthly |
PH Levels
PH is the measurement of acidity of water — measured on a scale of 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. A pH below 7.0 means the water is very acidic; and as the pH approaches 8.0, the water becomes very basic (alkaline).
Proper pH levels are essential in order for the other chemicals to do their work. Chlorine is much less effective at higher pH levels. At a pH of 8.0, chlorine is only 22% effective.
It is also important to note that low and high levels can cause damage to a vinyl liner. Under the right circumstances, with pH below 7.0, the liner can actually grow and develop unsightly wrinkles. High pH greatly accelerates the aging process and shortens the life of the liner.
Total Alkalinity
Alkalinity is a measurement of the alkaline materials dissolved in water. In the ideal range of 100 to 150ppm, alkalinity helps the pH to resist fluctuations. If the alkalinity is low, it can cause a “pH bounce” — meaning the pH level fluctuates in and out of the acceptable range.
Calcium Hardness
Calcium Hardness refers to the amount of dissolved minerals in water. A low hardness can lead to corrosion of pool surface, filter, heater, ladder, ect. A calcium hardness level that is too high causes cloudy water and scaling (white chalky appearance).
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